https://www.netreo.com/blog/snmp-traps-definition-types-examples-best-practices/#:~:text=An%20SNMP%20trap%20is%20a,authentication%20or%20a%20power%20failure.
SNMP is used for managing and monitoring network devices such as routers, switches and servers.
An SNMP trap is a message that’s sent from a network device to an SNMP management system without being solicited by the system. The trap is triggered when a specific event or condition occurs on the device, such as a link going down, an authentication or a power failure.
The SNMP trap message contains information about the event or condition, such as the device and interface where the event occurred, the time the event occurred and the severity of the event.
Furthermore, SNMP traps are essential for managing network devices, since they enable the management system to be alerted to critical events in real time. Without SNMP traps, network administrators would need to manually monitor network devices for issues, which is time consuming and prone to errors. SNMP traps allow administrators to respond quickly to critical events, which can prevent network downtime and improve network performance
https://cordero.me/snmp-polling-vs-traps/